CPD – Autoimmune Perspectives: Part 1: Understanding autoimmunity

Autoimmune conditions are commonly observed in clinical practice, with reported prevalence data suggesting a notable proportion of the population is affected, particularly females.
A range of factors may be associated with autoimmune presentations, including psychological stress, gut microbiome changes, sleep disruption, hormonal influences, and environmental exposures.
Integrative perspectives highlight the interaction between multiple body systems, including the immune, gastrointestinal, nervous, and endocrine systems, rather than viewing autoimmunity as a single-system condition.
The 3P model (predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors) provides a practical clinical framework for organising information and supporting individualised case formulation.
Assessment approaches may include thorough case history, standard pathology, heart rate variability and further functional assessments including the DUTCH test and organic acids testing where clinically appropriate.
The psychological impact of diagnosis can be significant, and patient understanding and mindset may influence engagement with care and long-term health behaviours.
Concepts such as remission, quality of life, and self-efficacy are explored, highlighting the importance of a patient-centred and supportive approach to ongoing care.